ENGLISH 482

               SEMINAR IN TEACHING ENGLISH I

                                       FALL 2003


Joan DelFattore                      Class hours:  Mon.  3:35-6:35, 125 Memorial Hall (Section 10)
062 Memorial Hall                                      Tues.  6:00-9:00, 125 Memorial Hall (Section 11)
831-2987 (office)                                            
737-7124 (home and fax)       Office hours:  Mon.   1:00-2:30
jdel@udel.edu                                              Tues.   3:00-4:30                 
www.english.udel.edu/jdel                             Thurs. 4:30-6:00  
                                                                        and by appointment on other days

Required Texts

Nancie Atwell, In the Middle:  New Understandings About Writing, Reading, and Learning, 2d
    edition (Boynton/Cook, 1998).

Joseph Callahan, Leonard Clark, and Richard Kellough, Teaching in the Middle and Secondary
    Schools, 7th edition (Prentice Hall, 2002).

Delaware English Language Arts Content Standards
http://www.doe.state.de.us/Standards/English/ELA_toc.html; print the following
sections:  Definition; Standards One through Four, Grades 6-8 and 9-10.

Delaware Professional Teaching Standards
http://www.doe.state.de.us/DPIServices/teacher.htm#standards; print entire document

“The Five-Paragraph Essay,” http://www.geocities.com/SoHo/Atrium/1437/  
         
“Outline of the Five Paragraph Essay,” http://www.gc.maricopa.edu/English/essay/

“Research Papers Handbook,” http://www.research-papers-handbook.com/
                         
“The Writing Process,” http://www.csuohio.edu/writingcenter/writproc.html

“Writing a Research Paper,”  
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/workshops/hypertext/ResearchW/index.html

"A Sound of Thunder," by Ray Bradbury:  http://www.sba.muohio.edu/snavely/415/thunder.htm

Website on teaching “A Sound of Thunder”:
http://www.esc20.net/etprojects/formats/webquests/spring2001/taft/asoundofthunder/index.html


Technology

Announcements and some student work will routinely be circulated on e-mail to the UD class list.  Please don’t ask to have your messages sent out separately to a different account; check whatever account you gave the UD as your e-mail contact.  If that is out of date, change it with UD technical services so that it will be correct on the class list.  Students will also be asked to do research for the class on the Internet.  

This syllabus, links to urls mentioned on the syllabus, and all instructor-made handouts are available on the instructor’s home page (www.english.udel.edu/jdel/), which also includes links to English Education program information.

Grading

At the end of the semester, students will submit a final project demonstrating their ability to pull all the course topics together into a coherent set of classroom-worthy instructional materials keyed to the Delaware English Language Arts Standards.  This final project will count as 35% of the course grade.  The only possible grades for the final project are A, B, and “Do it again.”  A grade of B indicates that the material is good enough to be used in a real-life secondary-school classroom, and students must display at least this level of competency in order to complete the course successfully.  

Throughout the semester, students will complete written assignments demonstrating their ability to reflect on and utilize the material they are learning.  Some of this written work will be revised in a variety of small-group  activities, and all of it will be handed in for preliminary comments by the instructor.  It will then be revised again before being submitted in a class portfolio, which will count as 65% of the final grade.  In lieu of a final examination, the class portfolio also includes a reflective essay showing specifically how the student envisions using the work from this course in real-life teaching.  (It would be a good idea to look at the instructions for the class portfolio, which appear later in this syllabus, before starting the first assignment.  That would give you the option of making notes for your reflective essay as you go along throughout the semester, rather than leaving the whole thing until the end.)  The only possible grades for the class portfolio are A, B, or “Do it again.”  A grade of B indicates that the material is good enough to be used in a real-life secondary-school classroom, and students must display at least this level of competency in order to complete the course successfully.  

All out-of-class work must be typed.  Since each written assignment will be used as the basis for small-group activities in the class period in which it is due, it is important to have the work completed on time.  Points will be deducted for assignments handed in late unless prior arrangements were made with the instructor.  Points will be deducted for mechanical errors, such as spelling, punctuation, and so forth.  In the unlikely event that a student plagiarizes or hands in someone else’s work, the student will fail the course and thus be disqualified from student teaching in the spring.  

Attendance Policy

ENGL 482 requires participation in seminar discussions and ongoing small-group projects.  These activities are essential preparation for student teaching and cannot be replaced by reading on your own or by getting class notes from someone else.  Students are therefore required to attend every class meeting, which includes showing up on time and staying until the end of class.   The only excused absences are for serious illness or a death in the family.  Car trouble, non-emergency medical or dental appointments, family or social obligations, studying for this course or other courses, weariness, outside jobs, romantic complications, hangovers, existential ennui, and abduction by creatures from another planet are unexcused absences.  Except for dire emergencies, absences will be excused only if students call ahead of time.  Students who miss more than one class for any reason will be required to provide documentation for all absences after the first.  Students who repeatedly arrive late or leave early will receive a warning and then will lose points if the behavior continues.  Please note that repeated late arrivals, early departures, or non-appearances in student teaching or in a teaching job are grounds for dismissal, so this attendance policy is consistent with the course’s goal of developing the professional attitudes and habits necessary for teaching.


                                                                         COURSE OVERVIEW

Description
    
The Seminars in Teaching English I and II are offered every fall.  The same students take both courses, which are designed as a unit, and everyone who takes them has already received a student teaching placement for the spring term.  Throughout the fall, students go out into the schools to observe secondary-school classes, interact with their cooperating teachers, and begin doing a few basic teaching activities in preparation for student teaching in the spring.  This contact with the schools is a crucial element of both seminars, since it gives students a real-world perspective through which they can better understand how the ideas and approaches discussed in these courses apply to actual secondary-school classrooms.  Being in the schools also gives students an opportunity to appreciate the practical significance of such topics as content standards, statewide assessments, and cultural diversity.  

The combination of assigned readings, research and group projects, seminar activities, and continuing contact with the secondary schools not only helps students acquire new knowledge, but also encourages them to coordinate what they have learned throughout their entire program into a coherent basis for teaching.  Students are also encouraged to adapt the innovative teaching techniques they have experienced in some of their college classes, such as the increasing use of e-mail, the Internet, small-group work, and non-print media, for use at the secondary-school level.  Similarly, building on the information provided in educational psychology classes that deal with diverse learners, including mainstreamed special education pupils, students learn how to apply this material to the specific tasks involved in teaching secondary-school English.  The same is true of many other pedagogical topics that are covered in general terms in education courses and then applied in a more content-specific manner in the Seminars in Teaching English.  Examples of such topics include the use of multiple assessments, including statewide standardized tests; the inclusion of multicultural perspectives in teaching; and the use of the case study method as a tool for analysis and problem-solving.  

Objectives
    
* Students will develop instructional materials using a variety of research-based approaches.  Emphasis will be placed on serving secondary-school students who come from varied backgrounds, live in a pluralistic culture, and exhibit different learning styles.  

*  Students will plan instruction keyed to the Delaware State Content Standards and the Delaware Professional Teaching Standards, including the following elements:  long-term goals and specific behavioral objectives designed for diverse learners; motivational activities aimed at stimulating pupil interest and emphasizing the relevance of the lesson to the pupils’ own lives; varied instructional strategies focusing on student-centered approaches to whole-class, small-group, and individual learning; skills-based as well as content-based learning; the use of technology, non-print media, and community resources; and multiple types of assessments.  Students will also explain how the motivational activities, instructional strategies, pupil assignments, and assessments in each of their lesson plans relate to each other and accomplish the objectives of the lesson.

*  Students will develop instructional plans that will help secondary-school students to apply their real-life experiences to oral and written composition; develop listening skills; speak and write for a variety of audiences and purposes; use the writing process, including prewriting, writing, revising, editing and evaluating; participate in cooperative and collaborative learning environments;    experience a variety of individual, small-group, and whole-class approaches to
instruction geared toward diverse cultures and learning styles; apply knowledge of grammar and usage to oral and written composition; and write accurately, colorfully, and expressively in response to DSTP-style prompts.

*  Working individually and in groups, students will develop plans for using a variety of descriptive, diagnostic, formative, and summative evaluation strategies, such as portfolios, contracts, self-evaluation, AV presentations, observations, and tests.  Students will also develop appropriate evaluation instruments and evaluate the effectiveness of particular assessment strategies in different kinds of situations and with diverse learners.  On lesson plans written after discussing this material, students will state explicitly how their proposed assessment procedures relate to the lesson’s objectives, motivational activities, class activities, assignments, and target state standards.

* As the culminating activity of the course, students will develop a coherent plan for teaching a writing unit incorporating all the elements and standards defined above.    

* Students will present specific plans for conveying expectations and assessments accurately, constructively, and sensitively to pupils and parents.

     * In addition to reading research-based printed materials, students will assess the value of relevant Internet sites, such as teacher-posted suggestions for teaching various kinds of writing, chat rooms and online discussion groups for teachers, and homepages of textbook publishers and professional organizations.  

Conceptual Framework

Seminars in Teaching English I and II are based on the University of Delaware’s Conceptual Framework, which was developed by a multi-college committee to define the approaches generally used in the university’s teacher education programs.  The entire Conceptual Framework document may be found at www.udel.edu/teachered.

Reflective Practitioners:  ENGL 482 encourages students to think through problems and provides step-by-step models for doing so.  The required texts present material in a way that invites reflection and problem-solving, and class discussions, small group work, and the materials collected into the class portfolio include a variety of reflective exercises, such as journal entries and self-evaluations.

    Scholars:  In accord with the overall goal of becoming reflective practitioners, students are encouraged to consider ways of using research-based information as a means of determining what more they need to learn and how best to learn it.  Students are required to include in this effort not only traditional scholarly texts but also appropriate Internet sites and community resources.  This work is not undertaken as a separate, isolated assignment; rather, it is part of the routine development of motivational activities, lesson plans, unit plans, multiple assessments, and other instructional materials the student write in the course.

    Problem-Solvers:  The concept of problem-solving is inseparable from the goals of reflectiveness and scholarship defined above.  For that reason, the class discussions and seminar activities routinely define problems that need to be solved, identify the information or material needed to solve them, and determine how that information or material may be acquired.  

    Partners:  Almost every class period includes activities that model techniques of cooperative peer interactions.  More broadly, students are encouraged to develop both the skills and the attitudes necessary to foster routine, comfortable partnerships – formal and informal – with parents, colleagues, business and civic groups, and other elements of the community.


                                SCHEDULE AND WEEKLY ASSIGNMENTS

Please bring the relevant textbook(s) to every class meeting.  All written work must be typed.

Sept. 8, 9:  Introduction to the course
                  Introduction to diverse learning styles, instructional goals and objectives, taxonomies,
                  the Delaware English Language Arts Content Standards, and the Delaware
                  Professional Teaching Standards
                  Assignments of Atwell chapters for next week’s class
       Assignment for next week:  
       Read Callahan, Clark, and Kellough (hereafter CCK), Module 2, “Middle and
               Secondary School Students:  Meeting the Challenge.”  Pay particular
               attention to the sections entitled “Styles of Learning and Implications for
               Teaching,” pp. 37-41; and “Instructional Practices That Provide for Student
               Differences:  General Guidelines,” pp. 41-42.  It is not necessary to complete the
               exercises or end-of-chapter activities in CCK unless you are specifically asked
               to do so.
       Read the Atwell chapter you were assigned (Chapter 1, 2, or 3) and prepare
                approximately one page of notes to help you present this material in next
                week’s class.  These notes, which should reflect what you consider most
                important about the chapter, will be handed in at the end of next week’s class.  
                Like all written work in this course, the notes must be typed.  Since English
                teachers are open to severe criticism from parents, students, and principals if
                our own writing contains mechanical errors, all written work in this course
                must be correct in spelling, punctuation, usage, and so forth.  Take the time
                to proofread your  work, and if necessary consult the online grammar guides         
                linked to the Writing Center website
               http://www.english.udel.edu/wc/resource/index.html, the Writing Center itself, or
                your notes and materials from ENGL 183 for help with grammar questions.  
               This note will not be repeated on subsequent writing assignments for this
               course, but it applies to all of them.
      Go to http://www.doe.state.de.us/Standards/English/ELA_toc.html and print the
               sections entitled “Definition” and “Standards One through Four, Grades 6-8 and
               9-10”; bring to next week’s class.
     Go to http://www.doe.state.de.us/DPIServices/teacher.htm#standards and print
                           the Delaware Professional Teaching Standards (entire document); bring to next
                           week’s class.
                     
Sept. 15,16:   In-class reading and analysis of the Delaware content standards
                      Discussion of developing goals and objectives that address the content standards
                      In-class reading and analysis of the Delaware teaching performance standards
                      Discussion of meeting the teaching performance standards through instructional
                         planning, reflection, and classroom practice
                     Review of the learning styles presented in the CCK reading; brainstorming on
                        strategies for reaching different kinds of learners
                     Brainstorming on ways of utilizing the students’ real-life experiences and
                        interests for instructional purposes
                     Small-group work to plan presentations on Atwell, Chapters 1, 2, and 3
                     Presentations on Atwell
                     Hand in notes on Atwell chapter
                     Lecture/discussion on instructional goals and objectives
                     Assignment of types of writing about which to write objectives for next week
                        (business letter, persuasive essay, research paper)
           Assignment for next week:  
           Read CCK, Module 3, “Selecting Content and Preparing Objectives.”  Pay
                  particular attention to the sections headed “Aims, Goals, and Objectives:  A
                  Clarification,” pp. 87-90; and “Clarifying Instructional Objectives,” pp. 95-99.  
           Do Exercise 3.11, “Preparing My Own Instructional Objectives,” p. 101, for a
                  lesson on the type of writing you were assigned (business letter, persuasive
                  essay, research paper).               
           Bring the Delaware state content standards to next week’s class.

Sept.  22, 23:  Lecture/discussion on goals, objectives, taxonomies
                       Small-group work:  for each type of writing (business letter, persuasive essay,
                            research paper), develop one good objective in each category of Exercise 3.11
                            and write them on the blackboard    
                       Whole-class discussion of objectives
                       Modeling and practice in correlating lesson objectives with the Delaware state
                          content standards
                       Hand in Exercise 3.11
                       Small-group work to develop set inductions and motivational activities for each
                            lesson
                       Preliminary discussion of sequencing standards-keyed goals, objectives, set
                            inductions, and activities into a lesson plan (see format in CCK, pp. 139-40)
        Assignment for next week:  
                        Read CCK, pp. 133-40, 147-52.
                        Read CCK, Module 6, “Student-Centered Instructional Strategies.”
                        Read CCK, Module 7, “Teacher-Centered Instructional Strategies.”
                        Read "A Sound of Thunder," by Ray Bradbury:  http://www.sba.muohio.edu/snavely/415/thunder.htm
                        Look over the website on teaching “A Sound of Thunder” (no need to print
                           unless there’s something you want to keep):
http://www.esc20.net/etprojects/formats/webquests/spring2001/taft/asoundofthunder/index.html
                        Bring the Delaware content standards to next week’s class.

Sept. 29, 30:  Discussion of Exercise 4.5, “Analysis of a Lesson That Failed,” p. 153.
                      Small-group work on formulating activities and assignments to fulfill the
                           objectives for lessons on business letters, persuasive essays, and research
                           papers.  Each group must employ both teacher-centered and student-centered
                           strategies
                      Modeling and practice in adjusting instructional strategies to allow students with
                           diverse learning styles to meet the goals and objectives
                      Modeling and practice in correlating instruction with the Delaware standards
                      Review of material on set induction, motivation
                      Introduction to the Delaware Student Testing Program (DSTP)
                      Assignment for next week:  
                      Print out and read all sections of “The Five-Paragraph Essay,”    
                               http://www.geocities.com/SoHo/Atrium/1437/  
                      Print out and read all sections of “Outline of the Five Paragraph Essay,”      
                               http://www.gc.maricopa.edu/English/essay/
                      Using the structure described in the readings, write your own five-paragraph essay
                           on the topic, “Why I Am (Or Am Not) Looking Forward to Teaching the Five-
                           Paragraph Essay.”  Your essay should be approximately two pages long.
                      Read (no need to print out) the information about the DSTP at
                               http://www.doe.state.de.us/AAB/DSTP_intro.html.  Take notes as needed for
                               your own use (not to be handed in), and be sure you understand what this
                               testing program is and how it works.
                      Go to http://www.doe.state.de.us/AAB/writing_report2002.pdf and scroll down to
                                page 19 of the document, where you will find the rubric for scoring the
                                writing portion of the DSTP.  Print that page.  Then scroll down to page
                                31.  Beginning on that page and continuing for the rest of the document, you
                                will find sample papers by eighth-grade and tenth-grade students.  Print
                                those pages.  Be careful to indicate on the Print screen that you want to print
                                only certain pages to avoid unnecessarily printing out the whole document,
                                which takes forever in that pdf format.  There’s no need to read the material
                                for homework, as we will be going over it in detail in class.  Just print it and
                                bring it to next week’s class, together with CCK and the Delaware content
                                standards.

Oct. 6, 7:  Guest speaker:  Bonnie Albertson, who has served on committees to design and
                                implement the DSTP
                 Discussion of the five-paragraph essay structure, reasons for teaching it, its advantages
                      and disadvantages
                 Discussion of the effect of writing a five-paragraph essay on one’s understanding of
                      the form
                 Brainstorming on approaches to teaching the five-paragraph essay to students of  
                      diverse backgrounds and learning styles, using prompts from past DSTPs.  The
                      discussion will include open-book reviews of CCK’s teacher-centered and student-
                      centered instructional strategies as they pertain to teaching the five-paragraph
                      essay
                  Five-paragraph essays will be checked off as being handed in on time; students will
                      retain them pending revision as part of a future assignment
                  Assignment for next week:
                  Read Atwell, Chapter 4, “Getting Ready”; and Chapter 5, “Getting Started.”  Pay
                       particular attention to the sections entitled “Establishing Expectations,” pp. 110-
                      14; “Rules for a Workshop,” pp. 114-17; and “Writing Territories,” pp.
                      120-32.
                  Write a two-page journal entry reflecting on the following issues:   Does Atwell’s
                       approach resemble the way you yourself were taught writing as a high school and
                       college student?  Is Atwell’s approach attractive to you as a teacher?  Why or why
                       not?

Oct. 13, 14:  Discussion of journal entries
                    Outlining and comparison of personal lists of writing territories
                    Discussion of ways to use Atwell’s approach to further the Delaware content
                          standards and prepare secondary-school students for the DSTP  
                    Hand in journal entries
                    Introduction of mini-lesson concept
                    Development of a peer evaluation sheet for mini-lessons (written on the blackboard);
                          students copy it in preparation for next week’s class
                    Assignment for next week:
                    Read Atwell, Chapter 6, “Minilessons.”
                    Using the lesson plan format from CCK, write plans for two mini-lessons (no more
                            than five minutes each).  One of the mini-lessons should be based on “Lessons
                           About Conventions of Writing,” pp. 184-201.  The other may deal with any
                           other suggestion in the chapter.  Be prepared to present either one in class.

Oct. 20, 21:  Discussion of the concept and usefulness of mini-lessons, both planned and
                          spontaneous, while the peer evaluation sheet is put on the blackboard
                     Each student draws a checker from a box to determine whether s/he will teach a
                          mini-lesson on conventions of writing or on other topics
                     Each student gives a mini-lesson, followed by a class discussion based on the peer
                          evaluation sheet
                     Hand in the plans for both mini-lessons
                     Assignment for next week:
                     Read Atwell, Chapter 7, “Responding to Writers and Writing.”
                     Using the five-paragraph essay you wrote earlier, do “Having a Writing
                             Conference with Yourself,” pp. 247-49.  Revise your essay.  Bring in a single
                             copy of the original draft and three copies of the revised draft.  Do not put
                             your name on the revised draft; just give it a title you’ll recognize as your own.

Oct. 27, 28:  Presentation of remaining mini-lessons, if any
                     Review of Content Conference Guidelines (pp. 224-29) and of Conventions
                         Conference Guidelines (pp. 255-61)
                    Work in pairs:  read each other’s essays and develop conference questions/topics
                        based on the Atwell chapter; write them legibly and include the name of the reviewer
                     Student A, acting as the instructor, conducts a conference with Student B about
                          Student B’s writing.  Student B then provides Student A with feedback on
                          his/her effectiveness in that role.  Then the students switch roles.  If time
                          permits, each student will go through this process with at least two different
                          partners.
                     Assessment of the efficacy of conferencing
                     Discussion of ways of incorporating conferencing into secondary-school classes
                     Review of the principles of conferencing
                     Assignment of websites to read for next week’s class
                     Hand in the original five-paragraph essay, all copies of the revised version that have
                          been annotated in the conferences, and all conference notes (be sure it’s clear
                          who was responding to whose paper)
                     Assignment for next week:  
                     Print out and read the material on the website you were assigned:
                          “Research Papers Handbook,” http://www.research-papers-handbook.com/
                          “The Writing Process,” http://www.csuohio.edu/writingcenter/writproc.html
                                         or
                          “Writing a Research Paper,”  
                                 http://owl.english.purdue.edu/workshops/hypertext/ResearchW/index.html
                     Picture yourself preparing to teach a unit on the research paper based on the
                           material you read, and answer the following questions in writing:

                               1.  How much time will you allow for working on the research paper, from
                                    the day you first introduce that unit to the day the students hand in their
                                    final drafts?  Will you have your students work on the research paper full-
                                    time during that period, or will you intersperse it with other activities?

                                2.  Make a numbered list showing the class periods you will teach during the
                                     time the students are working on their research papers.  Next to each
                                     number, write a few words indicating what will go on during that class
                                     period (e.g.,  “Work in the school library on data collection” or “Hand in
                                     index cards.”  If you plan to do other things while the students are
                                     working on their research papers, just write “Nothing on the research
                                     paper” to indicate class periods that will be entirely spent on other things.

                                 3.  How will you handle the selection of topics for the research paper?  If
                                      you will give the students a list of topics from which to choose, how will
                                      you go about selecting the topics to put on the list?  If you will allow the
                                      students to choose their own topics, what guidelines will you give them?

                                  4.  Will each student write his/her own research paper, or will students be
                                        allowed/encouraged/required to work in groups?  If each student works
                                        alone, what guidelines will you give the students regarding permissible
                                        interactions?  In other words, will they be allowed to talk to each other
                                        at all about their papers?

Nov. 3, 4:  Small-group work:  students who used each online source will prepare a brief but
                     informative presentation describing it to the rest of the class
                 Presentations of online sources
                 Circulation of numbered list of classes during the research paper unit
                 Discussion of similarities and differences among the approaches students
                      would use to teach the research paper:  length of time allotted, etc.
                 Brainstorming to think of other baseline decisions a teacher would have to make
                     before beginning to flesh out a unit on teaching the research paper
                 Hand in responses to the questions assigned for this class
       Assignment for next week:
       In CCK, Module 9, “Assessing and Reporting Student Achievement,” read pp.
                337-47.  Be sure that you understand Figure 9.2 (p. 342).
       Examine the rubric for scoring research papers (CCK pp. 366-67).
       Print out and read the sample rubric for scoring persuasive writing that appears at
                http://www.mcps.k12.md.us/departments/oipd/mspap/writing/SRubWTP.pdf
       Print out and read the sample rubric for scoring expository writing that appears at
                http://www.online2.org/lessons/writing-rubic.htm
       Read Atwell, Chapter 9, “Valuing and Evaluating.”
       Bring the rubric for scoring the DSTP to next week’s class.

Nov. 10, 11:  Discussion of the various philosophies and rules for grading student work
                           represented in the readings
                     Discussion of using rubrics to score student writing
                     Assessment of the various rubrics read for this class
                     Discussion of the art and science of writing rubrics
                     Discussion of incorporating the Atwell material on conferencing (Chapter 7) into
                          summative as well as formative assessment of student writing
                     In-class reading of sample papers written by a secondary-school students
                     Group scoring of one or two sample papers according to the DSTP rubric
                     Assignment for next week:
                     Using the DSTP rubric, grade five secondary-school student papers  
                     Bearing in mind the principles and examples provided in Chapters 7 and 9 of the
                              Atwell book, write comments on each paper.
                     Write brief answers to the following questions:
                             1.  How long did it take you to grade these five papers?  Why do you think I’m
                                       asking this question?
                             2.  Was the rubric satisfactory?  If not, how would you change it?
                             3.   Assuming that the papers you graded were representative of the entire
                                   class, identify two areas of weakness that you would plan to address in
                                   future lessons.  
                             4.  Recalling the various instructional strategies discussed in CCK and Atwell,
                                  briefly explain at least one strategy you would use to remediate each of the
                                  weaknesses you identified.  

Nov. 17, 18:  Small-group work to compare the grading of each student paper
                      Discussion of grading policies and standards, setting high but reasonable
                         expectations and communicating them clearly, composing rubrics that
                         accurately represent the basis for assessing student work, adhering to rubrics
                         once they have been distributed
                     Discussion of remediating identified weaknesses, including deciding when to use
                         whole-class instruction and when/how to work with individual students
                     Hand in graded papers and responses to the questions assigned for this class
           Assignment for next class:
           Assemble the class portfolio
           Complete the final project except for the sample daily lesson plans

Nov. 24, 25:  Individual work on portfolio, final project

Dec. 1, 2:  Work in pairs: peer editing of final projects; each student will work with at least two
                       other students
                  Hand in class portfolios
                 Assignment for next week:

                 Complete the sample daily lesson plans for the final project
     
Dec. 9, 11:  Class portfolios returned
                   Small-group peer review of final projects
                   Hand in final projects
                   


 
    
                                                CLASS PORTFOLIO INSTRUCTIONS

Rationale

    The purpose of the class portfolio is to consider, not each separate assignment in isolation, but your class work in its entirety.  Throughout the semester, whenever you complete a written assignment, it will first be discussed with other students.  After you have made any necessary revisions, you will hand it in to me, and I will return it to you the following class period with written feedback.  You are expected to revise the assignments again in accord with these comments and include the original draft, the first revision, and the second revision in the class portfolio.  You will be graded on both the adequacy of your original draft and the effectiveness of your revisions.

    Since the written assignments in this course serve as the basis for small-group work during class, it is very important to bring in each assignment on the day it is due.  For that reason, even if the class portfolio is handed in on time, the grade may be lowered if you were late with the original drafts of the assignments.  

Format

    Your class portfolio should be presented in a three-ring looseleaf binder.  All assignments and revisions must be typed unless they were handwritten in class.

Contents

    Unless otherwise indicated, the dates listed here reflect the date on which each assignment was made, not the date on which it was due.  Your class portfolio should include all of these items, arranged in the following order:

            Notes on Atwell, Chapter 1, 2, or 3 (Sept. 8, 9)
            CCK, Exercise 3.11 (Sept. 15, 16)
            Original draft of the five-paragraph essay (Sept. 29, 30)
            Revised draft of the five-paragraph essay following your self-conferencing (Oct. 20, 21),
               including all annotated copies of the revised five-paragraph essay following the
               in-class student conferences on Oct. 27, 28
            Journal entry on Atwell’s approach to teaching writing (Oct. 6, 7)
            Lesson plans for two mini-lessons (Oct. 13, 14)
            Answers to questions on teaching the research paper (Oct. 27, 28)
            Graded secondary-school student papers and answers to questions about grading (Nov.
                 10, 11)
            Reflective essay written for this portfolio according to the directions provided below.



Reflective Essay
    
The first step in writing the reflective essay is to think about all the various topics covered in this course:  diversity of student backgrounds and learning styles, state standards, goals and objectives, teacher-centered and student-centered instruction, mini-lessons, writing workshops, set inductions, lesson plans, unit plans, multiple ways of assessing students, techniques for grading papers, and Internet research.  It would be a good idea to go back and skim over any of the readings that are not fresh in your mind, along with any notes you may have taken.

As you well know by now, you didn’t learn this material for the purpose of regurgitating it on a test.  You learned it in preparation for real-life teaching, starting with the classes you’ll teach next semester.  Accordingly, this reflection invites you to engage in some synthesis and application.  As you picture the classes you’ll teach in the spring, how do you see yourself putting all this material together to form your style of teaching -- what you’ll present to your students, how you’ll present it, what you’ll invite them to do, what you think they’ll get out of it?  There is, obviously, no single right way to address this topic, but do avoid a generalized response along the lines of “X was very useful.  Y was very useful.  And I really liked Z.”  How, specifically, do you see yourself putting together the various things you’ve learned and using them for your students’ benefit?  Of course there’s no need to cover each and every topic we discussed in class, but your response should provide a good sampling of your plans to bridge the gap between learning something as a student and applying it as a teacher.

The essay should be approximately 3-5 pages long, but length is not a major factor -- feel
free to run longer or shorter if necessary.
 

    
 
                                INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE FINAL PROJECT             

    This assignment is your chance to demonstrate your ability to incorporate all the elements you worked on this semester – goals and objectives, classroom activities, evaluations, and so forth -- into a coherent design for teaching a particular type of writing.  Because of the emphasis that today’s schools place on state testing programs, you are being asked to focus on writing that directly addresses the relevant skills:  the five-paragraph essay, the memoir (see Atwell, Chapter 11), or the research paper.   Choose one of these three types of writing as the subject of your final project.  After choosing your topic, complete the following steps:

1.  Find at least three websites that offer effective help in planning your unit.  Students who elect the memoir may use the Atwell chapter and at least one website that is not related to Atwell.  Students who elect the five-paragraph essay or the research paper should not use the websites we discussed in class.  The material you print out from the websites should be included with your final project.

2.  Complete the Unit Description Form (attached).

3.  Write lesson plans for one week of your unit, following the Directions for Lesson Plans sheet (attached).  

                        CRITERIA FOR GRADING THE FINAL PROJECT

    *  Includes all the elements listed in the instructions.  
    *  Relates to the secondary-school students’ interests and experiences.
    *  Takes diverse learners and varied learning styles into account.
    *  Includes a variety of teacher-centered and student-centered activities.
    *  Includes class discussions that are not limited to recitations of factual material or to
        question-and-answer interactions between teacher and students.
    *  Uses a variety of methods to assess whether students have met the objectives.    

                      RUBRIC FOR GRADING THE FINAL PROJECT
    
Do It Again:  Fails to meet one or more of the criteria listed above.
                                   Is, in whole or in part, inadequate for use in a secondary-school class.
                    Contains significant or numerous mechanical errors.
                                   Is sloppy or disorganized.
    
    B:  Meets all the criteria at a level that is adequate for classroom use.
                  Contains few, if any, mechanical errors and is neat and well-organized.

    A:  Meets all the criteria at a level that is adequate for classroom use.
                  Includes particularly creative, varied instruction/assessment.
                  Is exemplary in its organization and completeness.
    
 
                                                UNIT DESCRIPTION FORM

    You are welcome to take as much space as you need to complete each item on this form.

    Please fill out this form for the secondary-school class to which you will teach the unit you are designing.  Even if you plan to use the unit with more than one class, select one of them for purposes of this class project.

General Information:

Name:

Secondary school:
    
Class year and level:

Number of class periods per week:

Length of each class period:


Class Description:

Number of students in the class:

Are there either mainstreamed special education students or gifted students in the class?  Explain.

Describe the class in terms of student diversity, such as gender, race, background, academic motivation, divergent learning styles, and anything else that should be considered in determining appropriate instruction.

Are there any issues with your cooperating teacher that are relevant to this unit plan -- for instance, does he/she either require or forbid the use of certain methodologies?  (Note:  If it’s possible to fulfill all the requirements for this unit plan while also honoring the cooperating teacher’s preferences, that’s fine; as an example, if the cooperating teacher wants you to do vocabulary drill every Friday, you can either incorporate that into your writing instruction or simply do it before or after you teach the writing portion of that day’s lesson.  If, however, the cooperating teacher’s preferences are incompatible with the requirements of this assignment -- for instance, if he/she forbids the use of computers, peer editing, or small-group instruction -- you’ll have to ignore that for purposes of this unit plan.  It’s understood that when you teach the unit this spring, you may have to make adjustments.  Bear in mind, though, that no matter how adamant the cooperating teacher may sound at this early date, when you get to know each other better and a relationship of trust and mutual respect has had time to grow, he/she may allow you more flexibility than you’re now expecting.)

Is there another instructor, such as a TAM instructor, in the room?  If so, what will be his/her role in this unit?


Unit Rationale:

What is the topic of your unit:  the five-paragraph essay, the memoir, or the research paper?

What are the goals of the unit?  That is, when students have finished the entire unit, what will they know, or what will they be able to do, that they do not know or cannot do now?  Please be specific.  For instance, “Students will improve their organization” would be too general, whereas “Students will be able to formulate clear thesis statements that are relevant to the assigned topic and sufficiently narrow to be covered in five paragraphs” would be excellent.

What state content standards will the unit fulfill?  Please do not simply list them by number; write them out.  The list will probably be quite long, since it should include all the standards that will be met anywhere in this unit, even if it is in only one lesson.

Identify the four standards that are most central to this unit:  the ones that will appear on almost every lesson plan.  Mark these standards by typing three asterisks at the beginning of each of them.

How will this unit help to prepare students for the DSTP?

How is this unit based on the approaches to teaching writing covered in the course readings and in the material taken from the Internet?  Be specific.  

Overall, what makes you think that this particular unit will meet the needs of these particular students?

Unit Description:

What relevant instruction will this class have had before beginning this unit?  For instance, are you doing remedial or advanced work after the students have already been taught the five-paragraph essay, the memoir, or the research paper, or are you introducing it for the first time?

How long will this unit take?

Will the writing unit be the only thing students will do, or will they work part-time on the writing project and do other things (such as reading literature) in between?  It is not necessary to identify exactly what else the class will be working on; the purpose of this question is simply to impel you to be precise about the amount of class time you are allotting to this unit.

Write a week-by-week summary of what the students will accomplish in this unit.  First, indicate how that week’s instruction will address one or more of the unit goals, which you defined in the previous section.  It is understood that the students might not meet the goal completely by the end of that week, but you should indicate clearly what progress the students will make toward it.  (Be sure that by the end of the entire unit, all the goals have been met.)  Second, briefly describe the types of class activities the students will engage in and the assignments they will do for homework that week.  Be sure that all assignments and activities address the goals of that week’s instruction -- that is, stay focused not on filling a week’s worth of time but on making sure that the students are learning what they are supposed to be learning.  Third, indicate how you will know whether the students have made the progress they were supposed to have made toward fulfilling the goals of the unit.  You should use a variety of assessments, such as informal class polling (“Does everyone understand?”), teacher-monitored small-group work, class recitations and discussions in which students are called on at random, and journal entries as well as more traditional evaluations, such as quizzes and graded homework.  

Note:  Your unit should include at least two instances in which your students will use the Internet.  (Assume that the school or the public library has computers for the students to use if they do not have them at home.)  Those instances do not necessarily have to be in the lesson plans, but student Internet work should appear somewhere in your discussion of what the students will achieve in this unit.
 
                            DIRECTIONS FOR LESSON PLANS SHEET

1.  Use the lesson plan form from CCK.  

2.  The length of each period and the number of periods in a week should correspond to the schedule of the school in which you will student teach.  

3.  The plans you write do not have to be for the first week of the unit, although they may
be.  

4.  The lesson plans should follow the format in CCK.

5.  The goal(s) for each lesson should be one or more of the unit goals you defined in the
unit outline (the form you filled out).  The objectives should show what portion of those broad goal(s) the students will master as a result of today’s lesson.

6.  Each day’s lesson plan should conclude with a listing of the Delaware state standards it meets. Please do not simply give a number for each standard:  write it out.  If you find that the lesson meets a huge number of standards at least to some degree, choose the three or four that are most central to it.  If, for instance, your students will give some form of prepared oral presentation as a major part of the class, you should include the relevant Delaware state standard; but if the oral portion of the class will consist of ordinary discussion and small-group work, omit that standard.

7.  The first activity of each lesson plan should be a set induction.

8.  If a major activity of the lesson is a discussion, include a few sample questions or
topics.  If it is small-group work, be sure that the instructions for the group work are clear.  Do not, for instance, simply say, “Students will work on their papers in small groups.”  What, exactly, will they do?  

9.  It should be clear in each lesson plan what the students are meant to get out of that
day’s lesson (objectives), how the activities will meet the objectives, and how you will know whether they have done so.  Each objective must be met by at least one activity, and the lesson should include no activities that are irrelevant to the objectives.  Similarly, the evaluations should correspond to the objectives and activities.  (You may want to review the CCK material and your class notes on sequencing of instruction.)