“Giving Up Jerusalem: An Open Letter to my Fundamentalist People,” Image, Number 40, pp. 63-75.
“Alice Munro: A Quiet Grace,” More than Words: Contemporary Writers on the Books That Shaped Them. Ed. James Schaap, Baker Book House, 2002. Commissioned. Publication in Korean, 2004.
“Writing as a Subversive Activity,” Cresset, Spring 2002. Invited.
“Saving Images,” in Image, Number 30, Spring 2001, pp. 97-106.
“On Poets and Poetry” in The Christian Imagination: Essays on Literature and Writing, Ed. Leland Ryken, (Wheaton: Harold Shaw, Wheaton Literary Series, 2001). Commissioned.
“Making Metaphor Work,” in Nuts and Bolts, Essays about journalistic writing, Edited by Dennis Jackson and John Taylor, 2001. Commissioned.
“High Fantasy, Rites of Passage, and Cultural Value,” MLA Volume Options in Teaching Children’s Literature, Ed. Glenn Saddler, New York: Modern Language Association, 1992.
“Reciprocity and Exchange in Samuel Delany’s Nova,” Extrapolation, Vol. 23, No. 3, Fall, 1982, pp. 221-234. Reprinted in Contemporary Literary Criticism, Ed. Daniel G. Marowsky (Detroit: Gale Research Co.), 1988.
“Memory and Culture Within the Individual: The Breakdown of Social Exchange in Memoirs of a Survivor,” Doris Lessing at MLA: Archives, Ed. Ellen Rose, l986 (Winner of NEMLA Award for Best Critical Volume, 1987).
“Myth, Exchange, and History in The Left Hand of Darkness,” Science Fiction Studies, Vol. 6, No. 18, part 2, July, 1979, pp. 180-180. Reprinted, Ursula LeGuin, ed. Harold Bloom (New York: Chelsea House), 1986, pp. 182-193.
“Teaching Children Social Exchange Systems: Survival of the Fittest in Alexei Panshin’s Rite of Passage,” Extrapolation, Vol. 27, No. 1, Spring, 1986, pp. 19-32.
“A Lion, A Witch and A Wardrobe as Rite of Passage,” Children’s Literature in Education, Vol. 16, No. 3, Spring, 1985, pp. 177-188.
“Exchange Short-Circuited: The Isolated Scientist in H. G. Wells’ The Invisible Man,” in Journal of Narrative Technique, Vol. 15, No. 2, Spring, 1985, pp. 156-168.
“The Demoness and the Grail: Deciphering George MacDonald’s Lilith,” in The Scope of the Fantastic,” Ed. Robert Collins and Howard D. Pearce (London, England: Greenwood Press), 1985, pp. 179-190.
“Reciprocity and Exchange in A Canticle for Leibowitz,” Renascence, Vol. 33, No. 2, Winter, 1981, pp. 67-85.
“Reciprocity and Exchange in William Golding’s The Inheritors,”
Science-Fiction Studies, Vol. 8, Part 3, November 1981, pp. 297-310.
“Rites of Passage Today: The Cultural Significance of A Wizard of Earthsea,” Mosaic, Vol. 13, No. 3. Winter, 1980, pp. 170-191.
“Saving Images in Spenser’s Faerie Queene,” Essays in Literature, Vol. 7, No. 2, Fall, 1980, pp. 153-165.
“Robert Heinlein’s Stranger in a Strange Land: Utopian Social Exchange Created by a Secular God-Man,” Journal of Popular Culture, Vol 3, No. 1, pp. 70-89.
“Finding a Happy Medium: Form in the Poetry of Chad Walsh,” For The Time Being, Vol. 4, no. 2, 1979, pp. 1-25.
“The Art of Memory and the Maleger Episode: Spenser’s Faerie Queene II, xi.” In Spenser at Kalamazoo, Ed. David Richardson, The Spenser Society, Summer, 1978, pp. 16-32.
“Science Fiction: A Commentary on Itself As Lies,” Modern Language Studies, Vol. 8, No. 3, Fall, 1978, pp. 29-38.
“Totalitarian and Liminal Societies in Yevgeny Zamyatin’s We,” Mosaic, Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 113-128.
“Jubilate
Agno as Song,” Studies in English Literature, 1500-1900, Vol. 20,
No. 3, 1977, pp. 449-460.