John Dirkx, in his book "A Guide for Planning & Implementing Instruction for Adults" shows many different techniques in order to teach in the most effective manner. He stresses that we as adults learn best by performing and teaching, and we learn slowest by just reading. (Dirkx 25)
Building on those two principles, one can start to see some basics to getting adults to learn. They can't just sit and slowly form words from syllables like the movies make us think, but rather they need to be an active part in their own instruction.
The first and most important step in teaching anything is to clearly define the problem that is being solved, and why. People must understand where they are coming from, where they are going to, and they can do it best if they know how they are going to get there. Did you ever show up for a trip to Mexico ready for a car ride? Probably not. You would expect to take a plane, but wouldn't it be an interesting experience if you never knew how you would get there? (Dirkx 30)
Also important is to build on previous knowledge that people have. Because we are teaching adults in this case, we have a wonderful foundation to start with. We don't have to teach them how to live their lives, we just have to teach them how to read, and in some cases, we have to teach them English. Either way, it is still much easier to have that solid foundation. (Dirkx 30)
Other necessary points: Include previous material into new lessons to reinforce the information. Provide instruction in more than just reading. Include writing, math, and problem solving. No one like to part of a "remedial" course. Work with application more than concept. In these cases, being able to apply what you are learning makes it more useful. (Dirkx 31)
A theme based approach is suggested for teaching literacy. It makes the student the center of the class, and the content is more directly involved in their daily life. It will take an experience common to the group and form objectives and strategies to develop certain skills. An example of a "Getting a Good Job" theme would make the group identify issues, form an objective, write the resumé, and explore a topic they may not have thought much about. This not only can help their literacy skills, but at the same time develop better job seekers. (Dirkx 55)
These programs can be very successful, and usually are. On to Success Stories >>